Bitcoin Developers Propose BIP 361 to Protect Against Quantum Computing Threats

Gate News message, April 15 — Bitcoin developers have introduced BIP 361, a proposal designed to protect the network from future quantum computer threats by freezing quantum-vulnerable addresses, primarily P2PK addresses with publicly exposed public keys. According to reports, over 34% of the Bitcoin supply already has exposed public keys, creating a potential risk if quantum technology advances rapidly.

BIP 361 outlines a three-phase plan. First, the network would stop allowing new transactions to vulnerable addresses, encouraging users to migrate funds to quantum-safe wallets. Second, after a set period, the system would block old signature methods, preventing vulnerable coins from being spent using outdated security protocols. Finally, the proposal may allow users to recover funds using advanced methods such as zero-knowledge proofs, giving the ecosystem time to upgrade while establishing clear deadlines for security improvements.

The proposal has sparked debate. Supporters argue that early action is necessary to prevent large-scale theft if quantum attacks occur, which could undermine trust in Bitcoin. Critics, however, express concern about the concept of freezing addresses, viewing it as contrary to the principle of full user control and freedom. BIP 361 remains a draft and has not yet been approved or implemented, but it demonstrates that developers are preparing for potential long-term security challenges.